# vim: ts=50 nowrap noet textwidth=0 # # Title: Phylogeny of Fungi # Label: Fungi # Strict: 0 # # Notes:

I don't know anything about mushrooms. The more I learn the # more I realize I'll never have a clue. Fungi have been around way too # long, diverging, converging, re-diverging, re-converging, etc. until there # are no apparent visual clues to their relationships. A single family can # include slime molds, lichens, puffballs, and true mushrooms. Where do you # go from there?! (Incidentally, why do so many mushrooms bother to make # themselves so brightly and attractively colored?? Does it really help # prevent them from being eaten? Color seems pretty uncorrelated with # poisonousness to me.) # # Notes:

The tree below is compiled from the very best info I could find # on the web and in my mushroom guidebooks. If you try to derive any more # than a very broad impression from this information you are asking for # trouble. Here are a few of the web resources I used: #

# # Notes:

Note: the lists of genera do not even attempt to be complete. # It's just that many traditional families are so polyphyletic as to be # nearly meaningless from a phylogenetic perspective, so in order to provide # any sort of idea what the various clades represent I have to enumerate a # broad sample of their genera. # # Link: top top.html?node=Fungi # Strict: 0 # ################################################################################ * Fungi | Chytridiomycota | Zygomycota |.* Ascomycota ||| Archaeascomycetes |||. Hemiascomycetes ||'' Euascomycetes ||* Basidiomycota ||| Urediniomycetes |||.* Ustilaginomycetes ||||| Entorrhizomycetidae |||||. Ustilaginomycetidae ||||'' Exobasidiomycetidae ||||* Hymenomycetes |||||.. Homobasidiomycetes ||||||' Auriculariales |||||' Dacrymycetales |||||* Tremellomycetidae |||||| Christianseniales |||||| Cystofilobasidiales |||||| Filobasidiales |||||| Tremellales '''''' Trichosporonales * Euascomycetes | Pezizales |.. Erysiphales ||| Helotiales ||' Rhytismatales ||. Lecanorales |||. Pleosporales ||||.... Diatrypales |||||||| Melanosporales |||||||' Xylari{ales,aceae} ||||||' Hypocreales |||||' Clavicepit{ales,aceae} |||||. Dothideales ||||||. Chaetothyriales |||||||. Onygenales ||||||||. Elaphomycetales |'''''''' Eurotiales | Laboulbeni{ales,aceae}? | Plectasc{ales,aceae}? | Taphrin{ales,aceae}? | Tuber{ales,aceae,}? ' Deuteromycetes? * Homobasidiomycetes | Cantharelloid_Clade | Gomphoid-Phalloid_Clade | Hymenochaetoid_Clade |.. Euagarics_Clade ||' Bolete_Clade || Jaapia_Clade ||. Athelioid_Clade ||| Corticioid_Clade ||| Gloeophyllum_Clade ||| Polyporoid_Clade ||| Russuloid_Clade ||| Thelephoroid_Clade |'' Trechisporoid_Clade ' (unplaced_Homobasidiomycetes) #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Clavicepitaceae ' Cordyceps * Eurotiales | Eurotiaceae ' Trichocomaceae * Hypocreales | Diatrypaceae |* Hypocreaceae || Hypocrea |' Hypomyces | Nectriaceae ' Sphaeriaceae * Lecanorales | Acarosporaceae | Alectoriaceae | Bacidiaceae | Candelariaceae | Cladoniaceae | Collemataceae | Haematommataceae | Lecanoraceae | Lecideaceae | Micareaceae | Mycoblastaceae | Ophioparmaceae | Pannariaceae | Parmeliaceae | Physciaceae | Porpidiaceae | Psoraceae | Ramalinaceae | Rhizocarpaceae | Stereocaulaceae | Trapeliaceae ' Umbilicariaceae * Helotiales |* Dermatiaceae |' Chlorociboria | Geoglossaceae |* Helotiaceae || Microglossum || Mitrula || Neolecta || Spathularia |' Trichoglossum |* Hyaloscyphaceae |' Dasyscyphus |* Leotaceae || Ascocoryne || Bisporella || Bulgaria || Cudonia || Encoelia |' Leotia | Orbiliaceae |* Sclerotiniaceae |' Monilinia |* Vibrisseaceae '' Vibrissea * Pezizales |* Ascobolaceae |' Ascobolus |* Helvellaceae || Discina || Gyromitra || Helvella || Rhizina |' Underwoodia | Humariaceae |* Morchellaceae || Disciotis || Morchella |' Verpa | Otideaceae |* Pezizaceae || Peziza |' Sarcosphaera |* Pyronemataceae || Aleuria || Anthracobia || Caloscypha || Geopora || Geopyxis || Humaria || Otidea || Scutellinia |' Tarzetta |* Sarcoscyphaceae || Sarcoscypha || Microstoma |' Wynnea |* Sarcosomataceae || Galiella || Neournula || Plectania || Pseudoplectania || Sarcosoma '' Urnula * Xylariaceae | Daldinia | Hypoxylon | Ustulina ' Xylaria #------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * Athelioid_Clade | Athelia ' Fibularhizoctonia * Auriculariales ' Auricularia * Bolete_Clade | Astraeus | Boletellus | Boletinellus | Boletus | Calostoma | Coniophora | Hygrophoropsis | Paxillus | Phylloporus | Pseudomerulius | Rhizopogon | Scleroderma | Serpula | Strobilomyces | Suillus | Tapinella | Tremellogaster ' Tylopilus * Cantharelloid_Clade | Botryobasidium | Cantharellus | Ceratobasidium | Clavulina | Craterellus | Hydnum | Multiclavula | Piriformospora | Polyozellus? | Sistotrema | Thanatephorus | Tulasnella ' Uthatobasidium * Christianseniales ' Christiansenia * Corticioid_Clade | Beenakia | Ceraceomyces | Dendrocorticium | Galzinia | Gelatoporia | Laeticorticium | Laetisaria | Panus | Phanerochaete | Phlebia | Phlebiopsis | Podoscypha | Punctularia ' Vuillemina * Dacrymycetales | Calocera | Dacrymyces | Dacryopinax ' Guepiniopsis * Euagarics_Clade | Agrocybe | Ampulloclitocybe | Amyloflagellula | Aphyllotus | Arrhenia | Auriculariopsis | Baeospora | Calathella | Calyptella | Camarophyllus | Cantharellula | Cantharocybe | Catathelasma | Cheimonophyllum | Chondrostereum | Clavaria | Copelandia | Cylindrobasidium | Cyphella | Cyphelloid | Cyphellopsis | Cyphellostereum | Cystoderma | Dendrocollybia | Descolea | Digitatispora | Flagelloscypha | Flammula | Flammulaster | Floccularia | Gliophorus | Gloeostereum | Halocyphina | Hemimycena | Hemipholiota | Hennigsomyces | Henningsomyces | Humidicutis | Hydnangium | Hymenogaster | Incrustocalyptella | Inocybe | Kuehneromyces | Laccaria | Lachnella | Leratiomyces | Limnoperdon | Macrocystidia | Macrotyphula | Maireina | Melanoleuca | Merismodes | Mycaureola | Mythricomyces | Neohygrophorus | Nia | Omphaliaster | Omphalina | Pachylepyrium | Panaeolus | Pellidiscus | Phaeogalera | Phaeolepiota | Phaeomarasmius | Phaeonematoloma | Phaeosolenia | Phyllotopsis | Pleurocybella | Pleuroflammula | Pleurotopsis | Pluteus | Pseudoarmillariella | Pseudoclitocybe | Pseudoomphalina | Rectipilus | Repetobasidium | Resupinatus | Rimbachia | Ripartitella | Ripartites | Schizopora | Stagnicola | Stereopsis | Stigmatolemma | Stipitochaete | Stromatoscypha | Tricholomopsis | Tubaria | Tubulicrinis | Typhula | Weraroa | Woldmaria |* Agaricaceae ||. Agaricus ||| Gyrophragmium ||' Longula ||* Lycoperdales ||| Bovista ||| Calvatia ||' Lycoperdon ||. Leucoagaricus ||' Leucocoprinus || Battarrea || Chlorophyllum || Cystolepiota || Lepiota || Macrolepiota || Melanophyllum || Montagne || Podaxis |' Tulostoma |* Amanitaceae || Amanita || Catatrama || Limacella |' Torrendia |* Bolbitiaceae || Bolbitius || Conocybe || Gastrocybe |' Pholiotina |. Squamanita |' Phaeocollybia |* Callistosporioideae || Callistosporium || Macrocybe |' Pleurocollybia |* Collybia-Clitocybe_Group || Clitocybe || Collybia || Lepista |' Plicaturopsis |* Cortinarioideae || Cortinarius || Dermocybe || Rapacea || Rozites |' Thaxterogaster |* Crepidotoideae || Crepidotus |' Simocybe |* Entolomataceae || Alboleptonia || Claudopus || Entoloma || Inocephalus || Inopilus || Leptonia || Nolanea || Pouzarella |' Trichopilus |* Fayodioideae || Caulorhiza || Conchomyces || Gamundia || Fayodia |' Myxomphalia |* Fistulinaceae || Fistulina || Porodisculus || Schizophyllum |' Volvariella |* Gymnopiloideae || Galerina || Gymnopilus |' Hebelomina |* Hebelomatoideae || Naucoria |' Hebeloma |* Hydropoideae || Clitocybula || Gerronema || Hydropus || Megacollybia |' Porotheleum |* Hygrophoraceae || Chrysomphalina || Chromosera || Cuphophyllus || Hygrocybe |' Hygrophorus |* Lyophylleae || Asterophora || Calocybe || Hypsizygus || Lyophyllum || Ossicaulis || Termitomyces || Typhrocybe |' Tricholomella |* Marasmiaceae || Campanella || Chaetocalathus || Crinipellis || Marasmius |' Tetrapyrgos |* Mycenaceae || Cotobrusia || Dictyopanus || Favolaschia || Mycena || Mycenoporella || Panellus || Prunulus |' Resinomycena |* Nidulariaceae || Crucibulum || Cyathus |' Nidula |* Omphalotaceae || Anthracophyllum || Caripia || Gymnopus || Lampteromyces || Lentinula || Marasmiellus || Micromphale || Neonothoparus || Omphalotus || Rhodocollybia |' Setulipes |* Physalacriaceae || Armillaria || Cyptotrama || Flammulina || Gloiocephala || Oudemansiella || Physalacria || Rhizomarasmius || Rhodotus || Strobilurus |' Xerula |* Pleurotaceae || Hohenbuehelia || Nematoctonus |' Pleurotus |* Psathyrellaceae || Coprinellus || Coprinopsis || Coprinus || Lacrymaria || Parasola |' Psathyrella |* Psilocybaceae || Melanotus |' Psilocybe |* Rhodocyboideae || Clitopilus |' Rhodocybe |* Stropharioideae || Hypholoma || Magnivelaris || Naematoloma? || Pholiota || Semiglobata |' Stropharia |* Tricholomatoideae || Leucopaxillus || Porpoloma |' Tricholoma |* Xeromphalinoideae || Heimiomyces '' Xeromphalina * Gloeophyllum_Clade | Gloeophyllum | Heliocybe | Neolentinus ' Veluticeps * Gomphoid-Phalloid_Clade | Aseroe | Clathrus | Clavariadelphus | Gastrosporium | Gautieria | Geastrum | Gloeocantharellus | Gomphus | Hysterangium | Kavinia | Lentaria | Lysurus | Phallus | Protubera | Pseudocolus | Ramaria | Ramaricium ' Sphaerobolus * Hymenochaetoid_Clade | Basidioradulum | Cantharellopsis | Coltricia | Cotylidia | Fibricium | Fomitiporia | Hydnochaete | Hymenochaete | Hyphoderma | Hyphodontia | Inonotus | Oxyporus | Phellinus | Phylloporia | Resinicium | Rickenella ' Trichaptum * Jaapia_Clade ' Jaapia * Polyporoid_Clade (highly polyphyletic) | Abortiporus | Aegerita | Albatrellus | Amylocystis | Antrodia | Antrodiella | Aurantioporus | Auriporia | Bjerkandera | Candelabrochaete | Ceriporia | Ceriporiopsis | Climacocystis | Climacodon | Cryptoporus | Dacryobolus | Daedalea | Diplomitoporus | Fibroporia | Fomitopsis | Gloeoporus | Grifola | Hapalopilus | Helicoon | Humphreya | Junghunia | Laetiporus | Leptoporus | Lopharia | Meripilus | Neolentiporus | Oligoporus | Parmastomyces | Perenniporia | Phaeolus | Piptoporus | Postia | Pulchericium | Pycnoporellus | Skeletocutis | Sparassis | Sparsitubus | Spongipellis | Steccherinum | Taeniospora | Tyromyces | Wolfiporia |* Polyporaceae || Amauroderma || Daedaleopsis || Datronia || Dentocorticium || Fomes || Ganoderma || Irpex || Lentinus || Lenzites || Polyporus || Pycnoporus '' Trametes * Russuloid_Clade | Acanthobasidium | Acanthofungus | Acanthophysium | Aleurodiscus | Amphinema | Amylostereum | Asterostroma | Auriscalpium | Bondarzewia | Clavicorona | Coronicium | Cymatoderma | Dentipellis | Dichostereum | Echinodontium | Gloeocystidiellum | Hericium | Heterobasidium | Lactarius | Laurilia | Laxitextum | Lentinellus | Merulius | Peniophora | Polyporoletus | Russula | Scytinostroma | Stereum | Vararia | Xenasma | Xylobolus ' Zelleromyces * Thelephoroid_Clade | Bankera | Boletopsis | Hydnellum | Phellodon | Pseudotomentella | Sarcodon ' Thelephora * Trechisporoid_Clade ' Trechispora * Tremellales | Exidia | Exidiopsis | Phlogiotis | Pseudohydnum | Tremella ' Tremellodendron * (unplaced_Homobasidiomycetes) | Acetabula | Alnicola | Amanitopsis | Anellaria | Anthopeziza | Anthrurus | Apiocrea | Arachnion | Arcyria | Armillariella | Boletinus | Brefeldia | Calbovista | Caloporus | Calycella | Cenangium | Ceratiomyxaceae | Cerrena | Cheilymenia | Chromocrea | Chroogomphus | Ciboria | Clavulinopsis | Coriolus | Corticium | Creopus | Cribraria | Crustoderma | Cryptochaete | Cyclomyces | Cytidia | Dendrothele | Dentinum | Diachea | Dictydium | Dictyophora | Dissoderma | Endoptychum | Favolus | Fuligo | Fuscoboletinus | Geoglossum | Globifomes | Gomphidius | Gyrodon | Haematostereum | Heliomyces | Heliotium | Hemitrichia | Hirschioporus | Hydnoporia | Hymenoscyphus | Ischnoderma | Laricifomes | Laxitextum | Leccinum | Leocarpus | Lepidella | Leptopodia | Limacella | Lindteria | Lycogala | Macowanites | Macroscyphus | Metatrichia | Mucronoporus | Mutinus | Mycenastrum | Mycoacia | Mycorrhaphium | Myriostoma | Nectria | Nidularia | Nyctalis | Omphalia | Onnia | Osteina | Oxydontia | Pachyella | Paxina | Peckiella | Peniophora | Phaeohelotium | Phaeomarasmius | Phaeophlebia | Phallogaster | Phellorinia | Physarum | Piloderma | Pisolithus | Poria | Poronidulus | Porphyrellus | Pseudocoprinus | Psuedofistulina | Pterula | Ptychoverpa | Pulveroboletus | Pustularia | Pyronema | Ramariopsis | Rhodophyllus | Sclerotinia | Simblum | Spathulariopsis | Spongiporus | Spragueola | Stemonitis | Stephanospora | Tramellodendron | Trogia | Truncocolumella | Tubifera ' Vascellum