Early Fortifications

Some pictures and brief histories of various castles, fortresses, and other fortifications from pre-gunpowder and early gunpowder times.

Caerphilly Castle, Wales
Dover Castle, England
Harlech Castle, Wales
Chepstow Castle, Wales
Hadrian's Wall, England
Caernarfon Castle, Wales
Conwy Castle, Wales
St. Mawes Castle, Cornwall
Cahir Castle, Eire
Trim Castle, Eire
Himejijo (White Heron Castle), Japan

If you like castles, these organizations deserve your support:

Cadw are the official conservation organization in Wales.
English Heritage are the official conservation organization in England.
The Office of Public Works handle conservation in Eire (Ireland).

For a more detailed examination of the topic, visit The Castles of Wales
For a view of what castles were opposed by, visit The Grey Company
Celtica Tours have photos of castles in (and much other information regarding) Ireland.

Copyright © 1992, 1996, 1998, 2002 Leif Bennett. All rights reserved.
Permission is granted to members of the Caltech community for use of these photographs in any publication for which the author and/or publisher is not compensated in any way.